{"id":32,"date":"2024-10-17T15:27:06","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T07:27:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/flanchan.ink\/?p=32"},"modified":"2025-03-28T15:28:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T07:28:52","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/2024\/10\/17\/linux-%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5728Linux\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f60\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><br><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 ls<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -l      # \u5217\u51fa\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\nls -a      # \u663e\u793a\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 cp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cp source.txt destination.txt            # \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\ncp -r \/source_dir \/destination_dir       # \u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 mv<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mv oldname.txt newname.txt               # \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\nmv file.txt \/path\/to\/destination\/        # \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.4 rm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mv oldname.txt newname.txt # \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<br>mv file.txt \/path\/to\/destination\/ # \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.5 mkdir<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>mkdir new_directory # \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.6 rmdir<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rmdir empty_directory # \u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 useradd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo useradd username<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 passwd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo passwd username<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 userdel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo userdel username\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 chmod<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod 777 file.txt         # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 chown<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo chown user:group file.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 top<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 ps<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ps aux # \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 df<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>df -h                        # \u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4 du<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>du -sh \/path\/to\/directory    # \u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 ip a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ip a                     # \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 ping<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ping example.com # \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\nping 127.0.0.1   # \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9aip<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 netstat<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>netstat -tuln                # \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 apt (Debian\/Ubuntu)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update # \u66f4\u65b0\u5305\u5217\u8868<br>sudo apt install package_name # \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2 yum (CentOS\/RHEL)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo yum update              # \u66f4\u65b0\u5305\u5217\u8868\nsudo yum install package_name # \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u5e38\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.1 grep<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep 'text' filename.txt # \u641c\u7d22\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u672c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.2 find<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>find \/path -name filename.txt # \u6309\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.3 tar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6253\u5305\u548c\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>tar -czvf archive.tar.gz \/path\/to\/directory  # \u6253\u5305\ntar -xzvf archive.tar.gz                     # \u89e3\u538b\u7f29<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.4 ssh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ssh username@hostname<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728Linux\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39,"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32\/revisions\/39"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flanchan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}